Hi every person. Welcome to NPTEL program on.
Remote Noticing and also GIS for Rural Development. This is week 1, lecture 2. The first-rate, we had an introduction to the program material. We looked at.
every week what will be covered. We went over regarding the books that will be utilized.
and the materials. And we have actually presented the employees of this training course consisting of two.
TAs, Mr. Pranab as well as Mr. Pravin Kunde.
I had stated that this course will have a.
very basic intro to GIS and also remote sensing. Nonetheless, students must or by.
themselves find out remote sensing and also GIS and multiple courses currently exist.
in NPTEL. Please do not keep this as a limitations for this course, because.
recognizing rural development is really vital. And also remote picking up and also GIS is.
a device for rural advancement.
So, in this course, you will see how we.
gel a problem an issue in the nation with a remedy giving tool like remote noticing.
and GIS.On this note, today, we will certainly additionally look at some even more intro material for rural.
growth to specify the term rural growth. And we will likewise explore what.
are the mandates by the federal government because, rural advancement.
is really, extremely vital, we have actually a ministry devoted for that which.
is called Ministry of Rural Development.
You can see it on the screen, the logo and also the web link listed below which gives a lot more.
resources to comprehend what is the ministry, who is the Central Union Preacher and.
the state level bureaucracies associated. We will find a company.
graph to understand the power structure. Yet most essential and additionally crucial for.
this program, is the information that you can locate on this web site on country growth and how.
the ministry is ailing country development.
Originally, as I stated, India is still an agricultural.
nation with practically 70 percent of the populace in backwoods. Everyone knows that we are.
one 7th the populace of the globe, so consider 70 percent of a billion.
people living in country entities, incredible chances for advancement.
to bring their way of lives as much as construct the financial condition up and also to handhold.
solutions with them, so, that they can create by their very own which is lasting.
development, independent advancement.
So, as I said, India is still an agricultural.
nation, 69 percent of populace as well as backwoods. Rural Advancement is vital to the national.
growth. When I state national growth, it is not the food alone, yet a great deal of GDP is.
being sustained by rural agencies country entities. The growth in city sectors also.
comes with the country sectors.
As an example, you can have a city.
which is Trani but the food for the city comes from rural entities..
The water originates from country entities, reenergize groundwater, every little thing are.
mainly extracted from rural entities. The raw product for the sectors it might be.
chemical sectors can originate from country firms. They take sugar molasses from rural entities..
Protein originates from country agencies, so you can not isolate a nation.
s growth without interlinking country as well as urban.And you can
not state.
that engineering or technology does not call for rural entities, it does. Rural advancement is essential to nationwide growth. If the percent was less, allow us state.
10 percent of country populace spread, after that of course, alright, we can say that all right 90 percent is a metropolitan.
or Peri city 10 percent is country, we do not have to care much regarding since that can be it can.
be vice versa, urban facilities will cater to that rural. But that is not the case..
We do have nations like that. And I do have a slide to explain about exactly how developed nations are.
functioning, we are a creating country, where still we need to push the GDP of the country entities.
to contribute more to the growth of India.
If you most likely to do towns, you will certainly.
still see the minimum labor is very less and also the yearly income per home is.
very, really less compared to a metropolitan facility perhaps 10 times less, 12 times much less, and even.
much more. We require to bring them likewise up to the healthy degrees. We can not bring exact same, will certainly.
not be feasible due to the fact that expense of living is likewise there. However at the very least can we bring them.
as much as a sustainable degree is essential.
So, there is a ministry for this, like you have a ministry for info technology. We.
have local interaction developments, you do have a ministry for country.
enterprises and country development. So, rural advancement, the word does not just.
say land development, it does not state financial growth, it should incorporate every little thing that.
goes into the economic betterment of individuals.
Improvement not identical earnings to the city.
facilities as well as this is betterment so that they live a far better standard of living, they can manage.
to be secured versus climate extremes. You do see a whole lot of problems in farming.
as well as farming areas, which is much much greater contrasted to metropolitan areas. If.
there is a flood, you can remain in your high increase apartments in a metropolitan city, you can have.
a lift to rise and afterwards simply stay there, yet in a country entity it still not available,.
They require to be created. And that is where country growth the word created also economic betterment of.
funds, you have a higher social improvement, the entire country entity will certainly grow together. which is very, really important for rural advancement to occur and rural government.
adds to nationwide sustainable goals. Country development also is available in sustainable.
quotes, Lasting Growth Goals. Exactly how do you do a higher social improvement
. is by empowering the country areas for country growth activities, and. hand holding them throughout the trip. There are lots of stressors, aspects. that confirm the growth circumstance down. We need to be very mindful on these stress factors. We require to determine exactly how to decrease the stress factors.
Often it is difficult to.
Example, you have plants and a certain kind of. bug is influencing it. The bug is driven by climate change.
Just how do you unexpectedly. The NPTEL course goes over regarding country.
Please. differentiate that you can not simply have a map in the hand as well as state country development will certainly happen. No. So, there is a intermediate phase whereas, you have a map, you have information, the information. gives services, the solutions offers rural advancement. So, it will certainly be too long.
if I can include all these in the title. So, that is why we have actually kept it as remote.
picking up as well as GIS for rural advancement. once we comprehend that,.
there is a lot of tensions, the following element is
that are. functioning to decrease the tensions. We can not anticipate that every.
time the government will certainly determine the stress factors, offer information and also. Deal with it.Because there is as well several. The landholding size in India is.
too many however really tiny stressors, so, you need to expect at every stage the. federal government can intervene is challenging. As well as that is why we require to have engagement,.
And with that, there is country advancement. It was originally started in 1974, the federal government.
As well as we require to recognize that
we can not jump leap industry like different countries , we needRequire This federal government company for rural.
So, what occurs when a name. modifications is the mandates likewise transform.
There could be.
a firm on agriculture.
Farming can consist of water plants, et cetera. Yet there is likewise a firm on watering, dams and hydropower, et cetera. As the name. changes, you do have a difference in the verticals or the requireds of the agency.
So, in the meantime, the. firm is called Ministry of Rural Advancement as well as to recognize the various mandates,
where. they function, just how they work, I recommend you to head to the website, which is. given listed below and check out it. Especially place the web link to about ministry.
You. can review what are the mandates concerning the ministry, where they function, exactly how they work. And. what is very important to the system. We likewise get different numbers like 69 percent. as I pointed out here, we will certainly obtain the different numbers regarding populations,
the demographics,. just how lots of changes the populace which is enlightened or access to education and learning for assistance.
As well as extra significantly, as I claimed, the federal government acknowledges that this is a really, very essential. market. So, there is a lot of funds that have actually been maintained. This website can additionally offer you exactly how a lot. funds have been kept for these schemes. What are the plans for country development? And just how are. we on the right track to accomplish rural advancement ? Let us see several of the schemes under. the Ministry of Rural Growth. A very one important system that a great deal. of people are conscious concerning or at the very least recognize this name is the Mahatma Gandhi,. National Rural Work Warranty Act.
This was called as NREGA, MGNREGA or MNREGA. Currently, it is called ng MGNREGA.So, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Warranty Act. It is an act for giving wage employment.
Due to the fact that there was lot of movement from rural. They began to relocate. We desired the country entities to look at.
various source of income alternatives, so that is just one of the factors that the government has actually pressed this.
MGNREGA Act, where they give surefire revenue for farmers as well as there is a style which utilizes. the farmers labour or the country people s work for development.One is to establish water.
resources. One is to establish highways and also road infrastructure for connection. There. are several schemes under the MGNREGA. The other one is the National Rural Source Of Income.
Mission for self-employment as well as ability advancement. So, there are facilities that are. created under this scheme for self-employment, just how do you do home sectors, product packaging of. rural produce, handling of country produce, food handling, worth addition, all these will. be under the particular part and abilities.
And also there are a lot of sectors. they do not require a level. They require skills, hands on skills.
Exactly how can you set up. a scooter? You do not need to have to bring a level for it but a
ability on how they are atomics.
works, how the engineering functions, etcetera.
Which ability element will be offered as a. diploma utilizing these schemes. That is a National Rural Source of income Mission schemes about. Real estate for all, so, we understand that rural entities have in some cases still residing in mud residences. and or which are being affected by environment adjustment extremes.
The Pradhan Mantri. Awaas Yojana -Grameen which is PMAY-G is for giving houses under the destitution line. So, BPL is listed below hardship line houses. This scheme recognizes the people under the.
In this main federal government firm, you can likewise ask for funds to cover it up.
As I claimed,. Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana looks into the building quality roadways. And Also the Shyama Prasad Mukherjee RUBRAN Objective, so there is metropolitan, there is rural as well as in between.
city, just how does a country entity co-exist and this co-exist does not fit right into the urban.
industry neither does it fit entirely in the country sector. For that there is a goal created. to comprehend the needs and growth of this sector. This is very important sector. You have urban, you have rural and in between there should be a bridge as well as that.
bridge community could be rural growth. And also the IWMP as I said water. has been acknowledged as the essential resource the most crucial. priority resource for rural entity. And for that there is an Integrated Landmark. Monitoring Program IWMP for boosting the performance of the land, to secure the. dirt, to safeguard the fertility of the land. There is multiple mandates under the. system as well as everything comes with IWMP. You will certainly see sometimes these plans could. C-oexist. As an example, MGNREGA labour can be placed in the Pradhan Mantri Program Sadak. Yojana where you pay the rural individuals labour to create to assist construct the roadways, roadways. can be constructed, simply not by equipments, but you additionally need to move some weeds and some. trees and things if a road has actually been built.
So, exactly how do you put these 2 with each other,.
What you see primarily is MGNREGA as well as IWMP functioning together wherein the. farmers and also rural neighbours are utilized to construct brand-new water resource structures in. the villages or keep as well as refurbish
some water resources like lakes, fish ponds, inspect dams,. those are the points which come under IWMP.
We will cover just how numerous just how to utilize this remote. All these schemes might not use.
noticing and also GIS for these systems. There is likewise require for cross cutting theme.
capabilities. So, let us check out rural development overall. There is agriculture.
There is. constantly food manufacturing. There is always when I say agriculture, it does additionally include your. various other income, such as tank farming, livestock, and so on, et cetera. Since it is. not only for food, yet that section allow us keep it as an eco-friendly section for. all the farming relevant tasks. And after that there is likewise community as well as.
resources which is the woodland, the lakes
, the rivers that need to be maintained, so.
that resources options are life. If you have a healthy and balanced river, you. have healthy and balanced
fish. Tank farming is where you have different systems for water and also a fish however.
You have residential usage and cleanliness.
So, exactly how do you enhance that for room? How. do you enhance agriculture? How do you enhance the ecosystem and resources for. rural growth? As well as most notably nowadays is how do you minimize environment modification.
effects to secure country advancement? Due to the fact that when a flood comes your rural land is.
gone, exactly how do they have income, exactly how do they have food, exactly how do they have agriculture.
So,. now there is a demand for cross cutting styles for one rural advancement.
You need to have. agriculture, you have to additionally represent environment change influences and comprehend just how much.
residential need is there.So, if you offer water for agriculture and incomes, however will certainly not take.
care of domestic requirements, exactly how will they survive. To make sure that is including all of it as well as cross.
cutting motifs are there for country development, of these aspects water protection is key.
as I stated, we need to recognize we require to acknowledge that water protection is crucial as well as it.
does include a great deal of fields across, as an example, water is needed for farming, water is required. for livelihoods, water is needed for residential usage and also cleanliness and also environment change influences water. So, one instance is water as I said, yet there are other sectors also as an example, there is.
power. Power is needed
for agriculture, pumping, processing the food, source of incomes is required for. refining the food etcetera you need power.
Let us look at a small instance a rural water. It states alcohol consumption water as well as human health as I said domestic use,.
Water related threats and also climate. modification which we have to comprehend,
we need to safeguard water throughout the environment.
adjustment, so, there can be a pollution, there can be a scenario where way too much warm. all your water is evaporating, et cetera.And financial activities and growth requires. water as I claimed the economic activity might be fish or livestock which needs great deal of water. There should be great administration as per UN water it claims that you require to have excellent. administration for taking care of water, you require to have changed co-operations in between states
in between. countries, in between areas to share water there should be good financing to protect water. sources as well as peace and political security. Left wing, it has actually defined as alcohol consumption. water is fair and secure water readily available for all as well as is it budget-friendly. A bottled. You still find a rural entities people would certainly.
purify the water, filter the water and afterwards consume alcohol or put it in containers, pots and afterwards beverage. You do not see individuals purchasing just bottled water, use and also throw. This is like your refill however. the various other water you use it, which is truly dangerous for the atmosphere, solitary use plastic.
Is it economical is vital and also the following is economic situation suffices water available for maintaining the.
income as I stated maybe your livestock or aqua fish or it might additionally be something pertaining to. rural entities like cleaning food value addition, garments making, so you require a.
great deal of water for cleaning time, is there is it in a sustainable way
. Ecosystems suffices water available for biotic which is your trees, your turf,. your birds, animals, abiotic system is a soil in regions and also help for sustaining nature,. is nature maintained and is nature secured. Strength is, is sufficient water.
And also as you might see, all of this is very, very vital for rural.
advancement. You require people to consume good water, you require economic task to be about so that.
there is a whole lot of trees, birds,
animals that need require. As well as a lot more significantly,.
So, largest issues are for farming and. water, I hope most of us concur that we see that a great deal of water has been touched and also there.
As I guaranteed, I would certainly such as. Let us see exactly how that contrasts when they use water in different countries. The initial representation, 8 percent is made use of for residential.
usage as well as 22 percent is for market, this is the world average.In low center earnings nations and also.
establishing economies including India, you see that 82 percent is utilized for farming, 10 percent. for sectors as well as 8 percent for residential So, we are on the globe
standard, which means the.
As well as this includes the western countries European.
used for farming, whereas 11 percent is residential. So, certainly they have much better live.
Still.
The most worry is this commercial demand. See industry items is valued high compared to a farming item.
And that is where rural growth the word coined likewise financial improvement of. And also with that, there is rural growth. What are the plans for country growth? Housing for all, so, we recognize that country entities have often still living in mud houses. Allow us look at country advancement as a whole.A cars and truck is much,.
a lot more pricey than a rice bag. We will certainly take also a truck of rice, it is not as expensive.
as a cars and truck that has actually been generated. You can see how wise these high revenue nations are,.
what they do, they placed more water in sector. Which commercial produce is offered throughout.
the world for truly high expense. mobile phones, mobile phones were initially made.
it across the world and after that we were acquiring it.
But the water, if our farmers are.
making use of for agriculture say rice as well as stuff, when they export it is not the exact same. So, 1 litre.
of water has high financial worth when it is invested for industry compared for food. A terrific instance I.
can provide is grapes. You can sprinkle grape plant and then take it, pluck it as well as eat it as a grape table.
grape, we say this is a fruit. When there is an industry that refines the grapes, puts it.
in barrels and afterwards places it in a container as white wine, the price virtually goes 10 times. So, that is.
industry as well as this is agriculture and food.
So, there allows variation in water. And also the.
issue part is the reduced and also middle income nations are still kept as the food suppliers.
and they consume great deal of water, they do not have enough water to even lift their living standards,.
whereas the high income as well as created countries remain to acquire fruit from these underdeveloped.
countries and also place more water in the industry.
So, this is where you see the 8.
percent and 11 percent difference, because they do not have high farming.
demands, there are very less agricultural needs, the rural populace is very less. They.
have extra population markets in cities. Coming back to us for our growth, we.
need to develop water resources and we do require to establish water in the rural entities,.
That we can establish country economic situations. With this, I will certainly quit today s lecture. We.
will certainly see in the next lecture. Thanks.